Types of Cements

Cement types using in constructions

What is a Cement ? 

Cement is a binder that used bind the different materials together. It may be adhesive substances of all kinds. In civil constructions, mixture of calcium , silicon , aluminum , iron and other ingredients. Lime stone, shells, chalk, clay, slate ,iron ora , Silica sand used as common raw materials of cement manufacturing process.

Types of Cements  

1.OPC - Ordinary Portland Cement

Ordinary Portland Cement manufactured by heating lime stone and clay minerals in a kin.it is make clinker and after adding gypsum to clinker OPC has been made as a fine powder. Generally this ash color powder.

Ordinary Portland Cement is most common type of cement used in worldwide construction purposes.

used for,

1.Concrete
2.Mortar
3.Plaster

2.Portland Pozzolana Cement

This is an advance variant of cement and there are two methods of PPC manufacturing.

Method 1 : Inter - grinding the clinker with gypsum with pozzolana
Method 2 : Grinding the clinker separately and blended with pozzolana 

PPC is used for 

1.Marine Structures
2.Sewege Works
3.Bridges
4.Piers
5.Dams
6.Mass Concrete Works

3.Rapid Hardening Cement

Dry process of cement manufacturing is used for Rapid Hardening Cement. Lime stone and shale are used as main raw materials and heated them to extremely high temperatures to make clinker.

This is commonly used in rapid constructions such as pavement constructions. Rapid hardening cement has designed for achieving high strength in less time period.

4.Extra Rapid Hardening Cement

Extra Rapid Hardening Cement has been manufactured by adding 3% of calcium chloride with the rapid hardening cement.

ERHC will give 25% higher strength than Rapid Hardening Cement at 2nd day and 10% to 20% in 7 days. If any structure need to get high strength in short time period Extra Rapid Hardening Cement Preferable for it.

5.White Cement(White Portland Cement)

This is similar to gray color ordinary Portland cement and used for manufacturing white concrete(combined with white aggregates).It is used for prestige construction works and decorative works. But it is not economical to use white cement for structural works.

6.Low Heat Cement

Low Heat Cement has been manufacturing by adjusting the mineral constituent ,grinding fineness and blending materials of OPC. Small amount of tricalcium aluminate and high percentage of dicalcium silicate include in Low heat cement.

This type cement has been specially blended for providing a low heat in hydration of concrete. This will reduce the risk of thermal cracking.

7.Sulfates Resisting Cement

At the places with high sulfates concentrates , concrete will damage due to sulfates. This has chemical composition to limit the level of C3A in the SRPC.

8.Quick Setting Cement

Quick Setting Cement is manufactured by mixing aluminum sulfate , gypsum and retarder in small percentages and finally grinding it with cement. 

This type of cement can be used for repairing damaged structures, without disturbing the existing structure.

9.Blast Furnace Slag Cement

Blast furnace slag cement is a mixture of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and fine granulated blast furnace slag.